初一上册英语知识点
There be 的句子结构
There be是一个肯定句的形式为:There be + 名词(单数或复数)+地点状语或时间状语。
be动词单复数的确定,看be后边第一个名词,当所接主语为单数或不可数名词时,be动词形式为is;当所接主语为复数名词时,be动词为are;当be动词后接两个以上主语时,be动词与最临近主语保持数上的一致。意思为
There is an eraser and two pens on the desk.
There are two pens and an eraser on the desk.
(1)there be的否定句,即在be的后面加上not。
否定形式为:There be + not + (any) + 名词+地点状语。
There is not any cat in the room.
There aren't any books on the desk.
(2)there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首:Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语? 肯定回答:Yes, there is / are. 否定回答:No, there isn't / aren't.
---Is there a dog in the picture?
---Yes, there is.
---Are there any boats in the river?
---No, there aren't.
(3)特殊疑问句:How many . . . are there (+地点状语)?
回答用There be . . .
There's one. / There are two / three / some . . .
有时直接就用数字来回答。One. / Two . . .
---How many students are there in the classroom?
---There's only one. / There are nine.
(4)如果名词是不可数名词,用:How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语? Eg:How much water is there in the cup?
How much food is there in the bowl?
初一上册英语语法知识
词类:英语词类分十种:
名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。
1、名词(n.): 表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。 如:ball, class, orange.
2、代词(pron.): 主要用来代替名词。 如:who, she, you, it .
3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。 如:good, right, white, orange .
4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。 如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth.
5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。 如:am, is,are,have,see .
6、副词(adv.):修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,说明时间、地点、程度等。 如:now, very, here, often, quietly, slowly.
7、冠词(art..):用在名词前,帮助说明名词。 如:a, an, the.
8、介词(prep.):表示它后面的名词或代词与其他句子成分的关系。 如in, on, from, above, behind.
9、连词(conj.): 用来连接词、短语或句子。 如and, but, before .
10、感叹词(interj..)表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情。 如:oh, well, hi, hello.
初一英语知识点
句式
1.陈述句
肯定陈述句
a) This is a book. (be动词)
b) He looks very young. (连系动词) 他看起来很年轻
c) I want a sweat [swet出汗] like this(像这样)(实义动词) 我想像这样出汗 d) I can bring some things to school. (情态动词) 我可以带一些东西到学校 e) There’s a computer on my desk. (There be结构) 有一个电脑在我的桌子上 否定陈述句
a) These aren’t their books. 这些不是他们的书
b) They don’t look nice. 他们看起来不太好
c) Kate doesn’t go to No. 4 Middle School. 凯特不去第4中学 d) Kate can’t find her doll. 凯特找不到她的洋娃娃
e) There isn’t a cat here. (=There’s no cat here.) 这里没有一只猫
2. 祈使句
肯定祈使句
a) Please go and ask the man. 请去问那个人
b) Let’s learn English! 让我们学习英语!
c) Come in, please. 请进。
否定祈使句
a) Don’t be late. 不要迟到。
b) Don’t hurry. 不要着急。
3. 疑问句
1) 一般疑问句 肯定回答 否定回答 a) Is Jim a student? Yes, he is. No,he isn’t b) Can I help you? Yes, you can. No,you can’t c) Does she like salad? 她喜欢做沙拉?Yes, she does. No,she doesn’t d) Do they watch TV? 他们看电视吗? Yes, they do.
2) Is she reading? 她正在读吗? Yes, she is. No,they don’t No,she,isn’t
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